Akad Ijarah Atas Layanan Cloud Storage: Analisis Status Kepemilikan Data Pengguna Dan Implikasi Tanggung Jawab Para Pihak Dalam Perspektif Fiqih Muamalah
Abstract
The rapid expansion of cloud storage services has given rise to complex legal relationships that remain inadequately addressed under conventional contractual frameworks, particularly within Islamic commercial law. This study examines the applicability of ijarah contract principles to cloud storage service agreements, focusing on the ambiguous ownership status of user data and the consequential liability distribution between service providers and users. Employing a normative-qualitative legal research method with a maqashid al-shari'ah approach, this study analyzes relevant fiqh literature, contemporary fatwas, and cloud service terms of service. The findings reveal that cloud storage can be classified as ijarah 'ala al-manafi' (lease of benefit/utility), wherein users rent digital space rather than obtaining data ownership transfer. However, this classification creates unresolved tensions regarding data sovereignty, as current service agreements frequently grant providers disproportionate control over user data. This study argues that a hybrid ijarah-amanah framework better captures the custodial obligations of cloud providers toward user data. The research concludes that existing cloud service contracts require substantial revision to align with fiqh muamalah principles, particularly in ensuring transparency of data management, equitable liability allocation, and robust user data protection mechanisms.
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Published
2026-07-17
How to Cite
Deli Armanita, Salsa Una Afriani, & Fatmah Taufik Hidayat. (2026). Akad Ijarah Atas Layanan Cloud Storage: Analisis Status Kepemilikan Data Pengguna Dan Implikasi Tanggung Jawab Para Pihak Dalam Perspektif Fiqih Muamalah . At-Tasyri: Jurnal Hukum Islam Dan Ekonomi Syariah, 7(02), 150–156. Retrieved from https://jurnal.iairm-ngabar.ac.id/index.php/tasyri/article/view/1398
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